12. Light and sound

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12. Light and sound Fill in the blanks.  1. Objects which cannot give out their own light are called Non - luminous.  2. Trandparent   object allow light to pass through them completely.  3. Reflection   is bouncing back of light from a smooth shiny surface.  Write true or false.  1. Sound does not require any medium to travel. (F)   2.The sound of loudspeaker is an unpleasant sound. (T)  3.sound travels through air in the form of particles. (F)  Let us practise 1. Fill in the blanks.  a. Noise is produced by irregular    sound waves.  b. Sun is the main source of heat and light on earth.  c. When light hits a surface and cannot pass through it, the surface is called opaque.  d. Sound is produced due to vibration of objects.  2 . Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false.  a. Honking car is an example of a pleasant sound. (F)  b. Light cannot bend around the cornera. (T)   c. Wat...
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how to become IAS officer

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Becoming an IAS officer (Indian Administrative Service) is one of the most prestigious profession desires in India. The IAS is section of the All India Services and is recruited thru the UPSC Civil Services Examination. Here's a specific step-by-step guide:


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IAS officers work in administration, policy-making, development, and governance. They can maintain positions like District Magistrate, Secretary in ministries, etc.


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2. Eligibility Criteria

You need to meet these necessities to observe for UPSC CSE:

Criteria Requirement

Nationality Indian citizen
Age limit 21 to 32 years (relaxation for SC/ST/OBC)
Educational qualification Graduation in any self-discipline from a diagnosed university
Number of attempts General – 6, OBC – 9, SC/ST – Unlimited (till age limit)



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3. UPSC Civil Services Exam Structure

The decision system has three stages:

Stage 1: Preliminary Exam

Objective kind questions (MCQs)

Two papers:

1. General Studies (GS) Paper I – History, Geography, Polity, Economy, Environment, Current Affairs.


2. CSAT (GS Paper II) – Comprehension, reasoning, arithmetic (qualifying only).



Purpose: Screening take a look at for mains.



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Stage 2: Mains Exam

9 descriptive papers (Essay, GS I–IV, Optional Subject I & II, and two qualifying language papers).

Topics: Indian heritage, governance, ethics, worldwide relations, social issues, etc.

Purpose: Tests deep knowledge, writing skills, and analysis.



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Stage 3: Personality Test (Interview)

Conducted by using UPSC Board.

Tests conversation skills, presence of mind, honesty, and cognizance of modern-day issues.



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4. How to Prepare

Understand the syllabus: UPSC has a constant syllabus; down load it from upsc.gov.in.

NCERT books (Class 6–12) for basics.

Standard reference books like:

Polity – Laxmikanth

History – Spectrum

Economy – Ramesh Singh


Read The Hindu / Indian Express daily.

Practice reply writing for Mains.

Take mock assessments for Prelims and Mains.



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5. Timeline

UPSC releases notification in February each year.

Prelims commonly in May/June.

Mains in September.

Interview in Feb–April subsequent year.

Final end result in May.



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6. Tips for Success

Start at least 1–2 years earlier than your examination attempt.

Make quick notes for revision.

Focus on thinking clarity, no longer simply memorization.

Stay regular — it’s a lengthy method (almost 1.5 years from utility to result).



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7. Salary & Perks

Starting salary: ₹56,100/month (plus DA, HRA, TA).

Government house, staff, and different allowances.

Opportunity to affect coverage and governance directly.



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If you want, I can additionally put together a entire IAS training timetable with subject-wise graph for 1 12 months so you understand precisely what to learn about every week. That way, it’s an awful lot less complicated to follow.

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